Ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke kwabaphathi behhotela, ubumhlophe beleneni elimhlophe buyindlela enembile yokulinganisa ikhwalithi yokuwasha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amashidi ombhede kanye nezembozo zendwangu zegumbi lezivakashi emahhotela, noma indwangu yetafula endaweni yokudlela, ilineni elimhlophe elikhanyayo nelimhlophe njengelisha lihlala linikeza izivakashi ukubonakaliswa kokusha. Kodwa-ke, abaningiizingubo zelineni lehhotelaOchwepheshe bathola ukuthi, nakuba kwenziwa ukufiphaza okuvamile, ilineni elimhlophe lingase libe nokuphuzi okuncane noma amabala ansundu. Lokhu akubangelwa ukugezwa okunganele, kodwa kungenxa yokuthi indwangu ngokwayo izomunca inani elincane lokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekukhanyeni kwemvelo, okuholela ekumhlopheni okunganelisi. Ngenxa yalokho, ilineni elimhlophe kufanele lithole njalo ukwelashwa kokufiphaza okusekelwe ekufiphazeni kwesayensi ukuze kufezwe ubumhlophe bangempela kanye nokusha.
Ukuhlanza
Ukufiphaza kuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile senqubo yokuwasha ilineni elimhlophe. Eyokuqala ukusebenzisa ukusabela kwe-oxidation noma ukunciphisa ukususa amabala e-pigment, angenakususwa kalula ngokuwasha okuvamile, ukubuyisela ukukhanya kwasekuqaleni kwendwangu ngokwayo. Eyesibili ukuthuthukisa ubumhlophe bezindwangu ezimhlophe nokuthuthukisa ukukhanya kwezindwangu ezinemibala egqamile.
Ngemva kokuhlanza, ukuhlanza ngaphambi kokugeza, kanye nokuhlanza okuyinhloko, amabala ancibilika emanzini, amabala ancibilika ku-oyela, kanye nokungcola okuqinile ngokuvamile kungasuswa ngempumelelo. Kodwa-ke, amabala ekhofi, amabala egazi, amabala ejusi, kanye namanye amabala e-pigment angasuswa kuphela ngokushiswa noma ukusabela kokunciphisa inqubo yokumhlopheza. Isibonelo, i-hemoglobin emabala egazi iyaqina uma ivezwa ekushiseni futhi ayikwazi ukususwa ngokugeza okuvamile, kuyilapho i-bleach ingaphula isakhiwo sayo sama-molecule futhi iyiguqule ibe izinto ezincibilikayo ezikhishwa ngendle. Kwilineni elimhlophe, i-bleach ayikona nje kuphela ukususa ukungcola kodwa futhi iyisihluthulelo sokuba mhlophe. Ingaphula ukumuncwa kwamabala ngemicu yendwangu ukuze ibeke isisekelo sokwenza mhlophe okulandelayo.
Ubude Bokumhlophe
Umphumela wokumhlophe awukwazi ukuthuthukiswa njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka isikhathi eside. Ingqikithi ukusebenza kahle kokukhishwa kwe-bleach. Esimweni esifanele (izinga lokushisa elifanele, inani le-pH elingu-10.5), i-bleach ingancibilika ngokulinganayo esixazululweni ngomzuzu owodwa ngemuva kokungezwa kwayo. Emizuzwini engu-6 kuya kwengu-8, umphumela we-chlorine noma ezinye izithako ezisebenzayo uqeda ukukhishwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukugcwala kwe-chlorine esebenzayo kungaba ngu-10ppm. Enqubweni yokukhipha amanzi, lapho ukugcwala kwe-chlorine esebenzayo kungaphansi kuka-10ppm, ukusabela kokumhlophe cishe sekuphelile. Ukwandisa isikhathi kungandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla esikhundleni sokuthuthukisa umphumela.
Enkampanini yokuwasha ilineni yehhotela, ukubeka isikhathi sokufiphaza ngokufanele kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, izinhlelo zokufiphaza amashidi okulala, amathawula, kanye nezinye izingcezu zelineni zingasethwa imizuzu engu-8 kuya kweyi-10. Kungaqinisekisa ukuthi izithako ezisebenzayo ziyasabela futhi kugweme ukumoshwa kwamandla okungadingekile. Futhi, abantu kufanele banake izici zezithako ezisebenzayo. I-chlorine bleach ikhipha ngokushesha izithako ezisebenzayo, futhi ukufiphaza kwesikhathi eside kungalimaza imicu yezindwangu. Ukusabela kwe-oxygen bleach kuncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke isikhathi singase sithathe isikhathi eside. (Imizuzu eyi-1 kuya kwemibili ilungile. Isikhathi sonke kufanele sibe ngaphansi kwemizuzu eyi-10 ukugwema ukusabela ngokweqile.)
Izinga Lokushisa Elihle
Izinga lokushisa liyinguquko ebalulekile ethinta ukusebenza kahle kokumhlophe. Ama-bleach ahlukene adinga amazinga okushisa ahlukene. Ukubeka izinga lokushisa elingalungile kungenza ilineni ngemva kokumhlophe libe phuzi nakakhulu.
● I-chlorine bleach
Ingasetshenziswa ezindwangu ezimhlophe zikakotini. Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-65 ℃. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-chlorine bleach ingancibilika emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okukhipha i-chlorine ekhululekile ngokweqile futhi kuholele ekubeni buthakathaka, kuphuphuke, ngisho nasekulimaleni kwemicu yendwangu. Cishe u-60 ℃ yisikhathi segolide se-chlorine bleach, engaqinisekisa isikhathi sokuncibilika futhi inciphise nomonakalo wemicu.
● I-bleach ye-oxygen
Ingasetshenziswa elangeni elinemibala noma ezindwangu ezizwela i-chlorine. Izinga lokushisa lingabekwa ku-70℃ kuya ku-90℃. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingasebenzisa ama-peroxide ku-oxygen bleach futhi liqinise ikhono loku-oxidation, ikakhulukazi ekususweni kwamabala aqinile. Isibonelo, ngemva kwe-oxygen bleach engu-80℃, amabala asekelwe ku-oyela azoncibilika. Amabala kawoyela awakwazi ukuncibilika kuphela, kodwa futhi nobumhlophe bungathuthukiswa ngaphezu kuka-20%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa nesikhathi kufanele kulungiswe ngokuvumelana. Ngokuvamile, ngokunyuka ngakunye kwezinga lokushisa elingu-10℃, isikhathi sokumhlophe singancishiswa ngesigamu. Uma sithatha i-chlorine bleach njengesibonelo, isikhathi sokumhlophe siyimizuzu engu-8 ku-60℃, futhi isikhathi sokumhlophe sidinga ukwelulwa sibe yimizuzu engu-15 uma izinga lokushisa lehla liye ku-50 ℃, uma abantu befuna umphumela ofanayo. Inkampani yokuwasha ingalungisa ngokuguquguqukayo inhlanganisela yokushisa nesikhathi ukuze kufezwe ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kahle kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yelineni.
Inani le-pH
Inani le-pH lebhavu lokuhlanza lizothinta ngqo ukushesha kwendwangu, okuyipharamitha enganakwa kalula. Ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi uma inani le-pH lingathathi hlangothi (7), i-bleach ibangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu kumafayibha endwangu. Esimweni se-asidi, nakuba ijubane lokumhlophe lizoshesha, lizobangela ukuphuka kwefayibha kanye nokwehla kwamandla, ukuze lokhu kusetshenziswe kuphela kumabala aqinile kakhulu, futhi akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa le ndlela ngendlela evamile.ukuwasha.
Ku-chlorine bleach, inani le-pH elihle kakhulu lingu-10.2 kuya ku-10.5. Kulesi simo, umsebenzi we-bleaching agent uzinzile, okungenakuqinisekisa nje kuphela ukuthi ukusabela kwe-oxidation kuqhubeka kancane kodwa futhi kunciphisa umonakalo wemicu ngezinga elikhulu. Ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo, izinqubo zokuwasha kanye ne-bleaching eziyinhloko zingaklanywa ukuthi zenziwe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Indawo ene-alkaline enkambisweni yokuwasha eyinhloko (ngokuvamile inani le-pH 10-11) ingahlangabezana nezidingo ze-chlorine bleach ngaphandle kokudinga ukulungisa inani le-pH. Lokhu kungenza inqubo ibe lula futhi kunciphise izindleko. I-oxygen bleach kufanele yenziwe endaweni ene-alkaline ebuthakathaka (inani le-pH 9 kuya ku-10) ukugwema izindawo ezine-acidic ekulimazeni isakhiwo se-peroxides.
Ukumhlophe
Nakuba ingaphansi kwe-bleach ephelele, ilineni elimhlophe alikwazi ukukhanya ngokwanele ngenxa yokumuncwa kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ukwelashwa kokumhlophe okuvamile nokulinganisela kuba yisinyathelo esibalulekile. Ama-agent okumhlophe amunca ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet futhi akhulule ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze abuyisele ukulahlekelwa kokumuncwa okubangelwa yizindwangu. Kungathuthukisa ubumhlophe ngokubonakalayo futhi kwenze ilineni libe nokubukeka okumhlophe.
Ukwelashwa kokumhlophe kufanele kube njalo futhi kube nobuningi. Ukumhlophe ngokweqile kuzokwenza ilineni libe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okungeyona into yemvelo. Imvamisa ephansi ayikwazi ukugcina umphumela womhlophe nokukhanya. Kunconywa ukwenza ukwelashwa kokumhlophe kanye noma kabili ngelineni elivame ukusetshenziswa njalo ngeviki. Izinto zokwenza mhlophe kufanele zengezwe ku-0.1%-0.3% wesisindo selineni isikhathi ngasinye ngesikhathi sokuhlanza. Futhi, izinto zokwenza mhlophe kufanele zihambisane ne-bleach. Ilineni, ngemva kokwelashwa nge-chlorine bleach, kufanele ihlanzwe kahle ukuze kususwe i-chlorine esele. Ngemuva kwalokho, inqubo yokwenza mhlophe ingenziwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izothinta kabi imiphumela yokwenza mhlophe.
Isiphetho
Ubumhlophe kanye nokusha kwelineni elimhlophe akuyona into eyenzeka ngengozi. Kuyinhlanganisela ye-bleach yesayensi kanye nokumhlophe okunembile. Uchwepheshe wezingubo zelineni lehhotela kufanele aqonde isikhathi, izinga lokushisa, kanye nenani le-pH ngokuhambisana futhi enze izinhlelo ngokuya ngemvamisa yokusetshenziswa. Kungalokhu kuphela lapho abantu bangagcina khona ubumhlophe nokukhanya kwazo zonke izingcezu zelineni elimhlophe. Lokhu kuletha izivakashi zehhotela isipiliyoni sekhwalithi ephezulu njalo futhi kuyasizaamabhizinisi okuwasha izingubozuza idumela elizinzile kanye nokwethenjwa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-05-2025