Ezinkathini ezishisayo nezinomswakama, amathawula obuso egumbi lezivakashi asetshenzisiwe aba nephunga kalula. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuba nomthelela omubi kokuhlangenwe nakho kwamakhasimende kodwa futhi kwandisa ubunzima bokusebenzisa.ukuphathwa kwelineniUkuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, abantu kumele bazi izizathu zale nkinga. Ukwakheka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zamathawula obuso kuyisici esiyinhloko.
Ukwakheka Kwezinto
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamathawula obuso avamile:
● Ukotini Omsulwa (Ukotini ≥ 95%)
Izinzuzo: Inekhono elihle lokumunca amanzi kanye nokungena komoya okunamandla. Ukuthintwa kwayo kuthambile futhi kuyakhululeka. Ayibangeli ugesi ongashintshi kalula, futhi ukusebenza kokuwasha kuhle.
Ububi: Iyancipha kalula. Intengo iphakeme kakhulu.
● Ukuhlanganiswa Kokotini (Ukotini ≥ 75%)
Izinzuzo: Intengo ifaneleka kakhulu. Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi incipha kancane. Ayibi nemibimbi kalula, futhi isikhathi sokusebenza side kakhulu.
Okubi: Ukumuncwa kwamanzi kanye nokungena komoya kubi kakhulu kunamathawula obuso kakotini ahlanzekile. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemicu yamakhemikhali (i-polyester, i-spandex), ngisho nekotini ephinde yasetshenziswa (ikotini ephinde yasetshenziswa), ingaba nogesi oqinile futhi izale amabhaktheriya nesikhunta uma isetshenziswa endaweni enomswakama noma ingomiswanga ngokuphelele, okubangela amaphunga asobala. Uma kuvela iphunga elibi, ngokuvamile lidinga izindlela ezikhethekile zokulibhekana nalo futhi liyakhathaza.
Kungani Amathawula Obuso Axutshwe Ngukotini Ethola Iphunga Kalula?
● Isilinganiso Sikakotini
Isilinganiso sikakotini samathawula obuso ahlanganiswe ngokotini siphansi kunesamathawula obuso ahlanganiswe ngokotini wonke, ukuze lawo ahlanganiswe ngokotini abe nemicu eminingi yamakhemikhali. Amandla emvelo okumunca amanzi emicu yamakhemikhali aphansi kakhulu kunekakotini. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa, imicu yamakhemikhali ayikwazi ukumunca noma ukusabalalisa umjuluko, i-sebum, nokunye ukungcola, kanye nomswakama ngokushesha njengamathawula ahlanganiswe ngokotini wonke. Uma amathawula obuso ngokwawo engenakho ukuhlanzeka okwanele noma engeke omiswe kahle ngesikhathi, umswakama osele uzoba indawo efanelekile yomswakama yamagciwane kanye nesikhunta, ikakhulukazi amagciwane angenawo umoya. Lawa ma-microorganisms aguqula futhi abole izinto eziphilayo, okuyimbangela eyinhloko ebangela iphunga elibi.
● Ukungena komoya okungekuhle
Imicu yamakhemikhali enesilinganiso esiphezulu ayigcini nje ngokuba nekhono lokumunca amanzi elibi kodwa futhi inesakhiwo esinciphisa ukungena komoya kwezindwangu. Ukungcola nomswakama kubhajwe ezikhaleni zemicu futhi akukwazi ukuwohloka kalula. Ezimweni ezifudumele nezinomswakama, lokhu kusheshisa ukuzala kanye nemisebenzi ye-metabolic yama-microorganisms, kuqinise ukukhiqizwa kwephunga elibi.
● Izinsalela Zezingxenye Ze-Chemical Fiber kanye Nezinsiza Zokucubungula
Izici zemicu yamakhemikhali:
Ezinye izintambo zokwenziwa zingase zikhiphe iphunga lazo elingokwemvelo ezimweni ezimanzi noma lapho ziphambana.
Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwemicu yamakhemikhali, izinto ezisizayo zendwangu ezifana namafutha alwa ne-static kanye nezinto zokugcoba zivame ukungezwa. Ezinye izinto ezisizayo (izinto eziqukethe i-nitrogen noma eziqukethe i-sulfur, noma ama-monomers nama-oligomers angashintshi ngokuphelele) zingase zihlale enanini elincane ngisho nangemva kokubaukuwasha.
Ngaphansi kwemiphumela yokungqubuzana, ukungena komjuluko, kanye nama-microorganisms ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, lawa ma-residue angabola noma akhishwe bese ekhiqiza amaphunga amakhemikhali (njengephunga lamafutha noma iphunga lepulasitiki). Amanye ama-hydrocarbon compounds anuka kamnandi angaphenduka abe amaphunga angathandeki ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Indlela Yokusingatha Iphunga Emathawulweni Obuso
Uma amathawula obuso esenephunga eliqinile, ukwelashwa okuvamile kanye nemiphumela ehambisanayo yilena elandelayo.
● Indlela yokuwasha izinto zamakhemikhali
Sebenzisa ama-oxidants aqinile, njenge-chlorine bleach (kufanele asetshenziswe ngokuqapha ngoba alimaza kalula imicu nemibala), i-alkalinity enamandla, noma ucwilise amathawula obuso ngokulandelana okuthile kanye ne-fungus remover, noma ubilise futhi uwageze ngokushisa okuphezulu. Lokhu kuvame ukudinga abantu ukuthi bakhethe amathawula obuso ngokwehlukana bese bewaphatha. Kodwa-ke, ukukhipha amathawula obuso kuyakhathaza futhi kuthatha isikhathi, futhi amaphunga aphinde avele kalula.
● Indlela yokufihla iphunga
Faka iphunga elimnandi ngemva kokuwasha noma sebenzisa isithambisi sendwangu esinephunga elimnandi noma isifutho esiqabulayo ukuze umboze amaphunga. Le ndlela ingamboza okwesikhashana amaphunga kodwa ayikwazi ukususa imithombo yephunga (amagciwane, izinsalela). Futhi, ingxube yephunga elimnandi namaphunga ingaba nephunga elibi. Futhi, iphunga elinamandla ngokwalo lingabangela ukungakhululeki kwabanye izivakashi futhi libe nokungcola kwesibili. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwephunga elimnandi kanye nesithambisi nakho kwakha amafilimu asele kumafayibha, okunciphisa kakhulu ukumuncwa kwamanzi futhi kudale izimo zokukhula kwamagciwane.
● Indlela ekhethekile yokuvimbela insipho
Ukusebenzisa insipho ekhethekile kuyindlela enconywa kakhulu. Ezinhlelweni ezivamile zokuhlanza eziyinhloko,izingubo zokugezaimikhiqizo yokuhlanzwa eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuvimbela iphunga ezindwangu zamathawula kufanele isetshenziswe. Lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo luvame ukuqukethe ama-enzyme anamandla e-biological, ama-antibacterial agents aqondisiwe, njll., angaphula ngempumelelo ukungcola okungokwemvelo njenge-sebum kanye namabala okujuluka. Angabulala ngempumelelo amabhaktheriya kanye nesikhunta esibangela iphunga enkambisweni yokuwasha, futhi akhe isivikelo esithile endwangu, esinciphisa izinga lokukhula kwamabhaktheriya ngemva kokuwasha.
Ukusebenzisa le ndlela kungavimbela ngempumelelo iphunga ukuthi lingakheki. Ngale ndlela, asikho isidingo sokukhetha nokuphatha amathawula anephunga ngokwawo, okuyinto elula kakhulu futhi esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Isiphetho
Izinkinga zephunga lamathawula obuso egumbi lezivakashi ngezikhathi ezishisayo nezinomswakama ikakhulukazi zibangelwa ukumuncwa kabi kwamanzi kanye nokungangeni kahle komoya, okubangela ukuthi amagciwane ande ngobuningi endaweni enomswakama kanye nemiphumela efihliwe yemicu yamakhemikhali kanye nezinsiza zokucubungula. Amahhotela angasebenzisa amathawula obuso anesilinganiso esikhulu sikakotini (≥95%) ukunciphisa izingozi zamaphunga.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-22-2025